This article examines practices of vertical integration in Nigeria’s Dangote Group with specific reference to the group’s food processing activities. The Dangote Group has expanded rapidly over the period 2007 to 2017 from its core business in cement and became a key player in the African cement business but also within the Nigerian manufacturing sector. Dangote’s activities now comprise a web of cement businesses in seven African countries as well as a range of agriprocessing activities in Nigeria. The Dangote Group is the biggest group listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange, the market capitalisation of its four listed companies accounting for 43% of total stock market capitalisation. Drawing on the company’s balance sheets and newspaper coverages compiled in the Africa Research Bulletin, this article focusses on the latter type of activities exploring in particular Dangote’s attempts to establish control over various parts of the domestic value chain, activities ranging from commercial rice farming and sugar cane production over flour and pasta production to packaging manufacturing. Comparisons are drawn between these domestic value chains vertically integrated within one company and the main conclusions reached regarding power dynamics and policy challenges in global value chains in Africa.