10:30 - 12:00
Wed-H6-Talk 8--82
Wed-Talk 8
Room: H6
Chair/s:
Ekaterina Varkentin
Developmental differences in valence and arousal perception of dynamic emotion expressions
Wed-H6-Talk 8-8201
Presented by: Nikol Tsenkova
Nikol Tsenkova 1, Christina Kauschke 2, Daniela Bahn 2, Gudrun Schwarzer 1
1 Department of Developmental Psychology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Germany, 2 Department of German Linguistics, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
Investigating emotion perception across the lifespan is vital for understanding social development. Research indicates children exhibit a positivity bias, perceiving facial (Vesker et al., 2018), verbal (Bahn et al., 2017), and body movement (Preißler et al., 2023) information as more positive, while adults display a negativity bias. However, using unimodal emotion stimuli, like images or word lists, disregards the dynamic and multifaceted nature of emotions. Studies often include stimuli featuring one age group (Ma et al., 2015), neglecting the diversity in our environment. To address these limitations, we created a dataset of 16 realistic avatars representing four age groups (children, adolescents, young and older adults), animated to express four emotions (anger, sadness, happiness, happy-surprise). It includes two conditions: pure emotional expressions (visual) and expressions with articulated sentences matching the emotional states shown (visual-verbal). In an online study, we asked two groups of children to rate each emotion on valence (n=28, m=6.4 years, 13 females) and arousal (n=26, m=6.4 years, 16 females) using a 5-point Self-Assessment Manikin scales (Bradley & Lang, 1994). Twenty-eight adults (m=25 years, 14 females) completed both scales. Our results show that children found negative emotions as more arousing compared to adults [F(1, 52)=3.873, p=.05, η2=.069] and positive emotions as more positive [F(1, 54)=4.197, p<.05, η2 =.072]. Overall, the positivity bias in valence persists in children for static and dynamic emotion presentations. In contrast, there is an inverse effect for arousal in children, indicating heightened sensitivity to negative expressions in dynamic compared to static settings.
Keywords: developmental changes, emotion perception, facial expressions