One of the hallmarks of humans’ cognitive flexibility is the ability to dynamically adjust and control our intentions and actions in fast-changing environments. Our previous work has demonstrated that people are able to dynamically modulate task preparation when the to-be-performed task varied in uncertainty, across a series of behavioral experiments (Chai et al, 2023). However, the cognitive mechanisms underlying this uncertainty-driven regulation of task preparation remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether people actively prepare and regulate task representations as a whole, requiring time-consuming unbinding processes when a partially overlapping task had just been prepared for, or, on the other hand, whether task preparation occurs in a more componential manner, benefiting from previous task preparation when a partially overlapping task had been prepared for. In the current study, we aimed to distinguish these two equally plausible mechanisms by designing a variant of the original Task Transformation paradigm with two experimental conditions. In one condition, the task varied in uncertainty as a whole. In the other condition, the uncertainty only affected the task partially. By comparing the behavioral pattern between these two conditions, we can have a first glimpse at people’s preferred strategy when navigating through an uncertain task environment. Our result holds the promise to draw critical implications for cognitive flexibility in a multi-task environment in tandem with a compositional task structure, in which the flexible (un)binding between task elements becomes imperative.