The existence of transfer effects of video games on cognitive performance are controversially discussed in experimental psychology. Whereas recent meta-analyses suggest the absence of far transfer effects, empirical evidence regarding near transfer effects is more controversial. We performed a conceptual replication investigating the near transfer effect of playing Tetris on mental rotation abilities. In our study, 366 participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group playing Tetris or a control group playing Solitaire. Both groups completed three commonly used mental rotation tests in a pre- and a posttest-session. Participants played the assigned game for 10 hours in total within a maximum of 4 weeks. We took a Bayesian approach that allowed us to evaluate the strength of evidence in favor of either the H0 (no transfer of playing Tetris on mental rotation abilities) or the H1 (playing Tetris affects mental rotation abilities). While participants showed a repeated testing effect for the mental rotation tests in both groups, we found evidence that playing Tetris does not produce a near transfer effect on mental rotation abilities. Gender did not influence this effect. Our study suggests that playing Tetris does not improve mental rotation skills.