Keeping eye fixations supports spatial cognitive control
Tue-P13-Poster II-103
Presented by: Anika Krause
Cognitive control enables humans to act according to goals by solving conflicts between goals and external stimuli (Cohen, 2017; Koechlin et al., 2003). Conflicts between the location of a stimulus and its symbolic meaning can be ameliorated or exacerbated by spatial attention, the mechanisms prioritizing certain locations for visual processing. Maintaining eye fixations also seems to involve spatial attention. However, it is still unclear, how holding a fixation affects the resolution of spatial cognitive conflicts. In two experiments, participants performed a spatial cognitive control task (Spatial Stroop Task; Clark & Brownell, 1975; Funes et al., 2010) either without instructions regarding their eye movements or with instructions to fixate a stimulus in the center of the screen and suppress eye movements to the target stimulus. In the second experiment, the task was extended by an urgency paradigm (time pressure; Poth, 2020; Salinas et al., 2019). In the first experiment, an interaction between the congruency and the fixation condition was found. The results suggest that tying up attention and cognitive capacities by holding a fixation does not impact general performance, but improves the resolution of spatial cognitive conflicts. In the second experiment, we found that adverse effects of urgency on the resolution of spatial cognitive conflicts were ameliorated by the additional task to maintain an eye fixation. Taken together, keeping eye fixations supports cognitive control for spatial conflicts. When attentional resources are bound by holding a fixation, this facilitates the resolution of spatial cognitive conflicts.
Keywords: Eye Fixation, Cognitive Control, Spatial Attention, Urgency