13:30 - 15:00
Tue-A8-Talk V-
Tue-Talk V-
Room: A8
Chair/s:
Julia Englert
How we view and evaluate ourselves is thought to play a crucial role in our well-being and in the development and maintenance of psychopathology. Drawing upon information from memory and our current environment, judgment is relative to comparison standards. Therefore, self-construction is subject to contextual and situational influences. Social comparison is the most salient and most-widely researched standard informing self-construal. Yet, the complex effects of social comparison are still not well understood. The research presented in this symposium aims to systematically investigate the comparison process and its components, as well as its affective, cognitive and
behavioural consequences. Our contributors draw on a wide array of experimental paradigms, including false feedback manipulation, trauma film exposure, comparison orientation interventions, comparison sample manipulation, and a novel paradigm displaying the (mis)fortunes of others. They report effects of social comparisons on a variety of outcomes, including on self-and other-judgments, positive and negative affect, envy and schadenfreude, prosocial behaviour, cognitive orientation, goal-directed action and psychological distress. Together, our research on comparison processes addresses questions from the areas of social psychology, sports psychology, neuroscience
and psychopathology, for which we will consider translational implications.
Modulating effects of social comparison on acute responses to traumatic footage and the development of intrusive memories
Tue-A8-Talk V-02
Presented by: Thomas Meyer
Thomas Meyer, Nexhmedin Morina
University of Münster, Department of Psychology

Many trauma survivors develop intrusive memories that can be highly debilitating. Although it is well established that the post-traumatic social environment plays a critical role, little is known about the role of social comparison with other trauma survivors. We investigated this using traumatic films and social comparison with a fictive fellow participant, predicting that perceived resilience and similarity of the fellow participant would shift comparison outcomes, negative affect, and the development of intrusive memories. In particular, healthy participants read ostensible testimonials from a fellow participant from a similar background, reporting high levels of PTSD symptoms (i.e. a similar-vulnerable social comparator; n=30), low distress (similar-resilient; n=30) or by a demographically dissimilar person reporting low distress (different-resilient; n=30). A separate no-comparison group (n = 30) served to gauge the presence of assimilative responding. Overall, only subtle effects of social comparison emerged across outcomes. Notably, relative to participants with a similar-vulnerable comparator, those with a the similar-reslient group had lower acute negative affect but not fewer intrusive memories. Relative to participants with a different-reslilient comparator, the similar-resilient group had comparable acute negative affect but tended to have fewer intrusive memories. This talk will discuss the idea that acute affect and intrusion development may be influenced differentially. More broadly, it addresses how a general comparative processing model may serve as a framework to explore social influence on adjustment to traumatic experiences.


Keywords: social comparison; stress; experimental psychopathology; posttraumatic stress disorder