Cognitive Control and Multitasking: A novel method for manipulating the stability-flexibility-dilemma
Tue-B22-Talk IV-02
Presented by: Sophie-Marie Stasch
The stability-flexibility-dilemma describes antagonistic demands of cognitive control to process information and conduct goal-directed behaviour during multitasking. While a flexible control mode facilitates task-switching and goal-updating, a stable control mode is associated with goal-shielding and reduced task interference. However, each control mode is also related to disadvantages: cognitive flexibility is prone to distraction whereas cognitive stability is associated with reduced background monitoring. Up to now the stability-flexibility-dilemma of cognitive control has not been investigated beyond the context of simple stimulus-response experiments. Therefore, a novel method is presented that aims to induce a stable or flexible control mode in an application-oriented multitasking environment. In the present experiment, the Multi-Attribute Task Battery (MATB) serves as the experimental task. The MATB simulates four separate flight tasks that must be operated concurrently. The control mode of the participants was shifted between a stable or flexible direction based on a gamification method. In the stable condition, participants were told to prioritize a main task (i.e. the tracking task). In the flexible condition, participants had to perform the tasks without prioritisation. Based on the distribution of fixations a feedback score was calculated: in the stable condition, visual fixations towards the tracking task were rewarded; in the flexible condition, equally distributed fixations towards all tasks. Results indicate differences in performance, workload and different eye-tracking metrics in accordance with the induced control modes. Thus, the presented method offers a novel experimental framework for examining the stability-flexibility-dilemma in various multitasking contexts.
Keywords: Task Switching, Workload, MATB, Eye-tracking, Gamification