08:30 - 10:00
Tue-B21-Talk IV-
Tue-Talk IV-
Room: B21
Chair/s:
André Knops
The mental number line (MNL) as a metaphor for describing the spatially organized mental representation of numbers in long-term memory has a number of theoretical implications that refer to spatial-numerical associations (e.g. the Spatial Numerical Association of Response Codes [SNARC]), biases of spatial attention (attentional SNARC), or the involvement of transient stimulus representations in working memory. The current symposium brings together empirical works from leading European labs that put these notions to test. The talks are complementary in terms of methodology (e.g. reaction time experiments; line marking tasks; word categorization tasks; temporal
order judgments tasks), investigated samples (healthy participants; neurological patients) and age range (Kindergarteners, adults) but jointly address the idea of a spatial representation of numbers from different perspectives. The common underlying theoretical framework will facilitate the exchange on limiting conditions of the MNL metaphor by transgressing disciplinary boundaries. This will help developing alternative theoretical frameworks by highlighting alternative mechanisms such as transient organizational principles in working memory, task-specific spatial response codes, or culturally mediated factors such as counting habits.
The prevalence of number-space associations in preschool children
Tue-B21-Talk IV-01
Presented by: Tânia Ramos
Tânia Ramos 1, Carrie Georges 1, Nicolas Masson 1, 2, Christine Schiltz 1
1 University of Luxembourg, 2 Université Catholique de Louvain
The SNARC effect, i.e., the association of small/large numbers to the left/right side of space respectively, is widely studied in adults and generally observed at the group level in about 67% of the participants. However, Cipora et al.,(2019) showed that when using a bootstrapping approach to analyze the consistency of the SNARC effect at the individual level, its prevalence decreased to about 40%. To date studies on the SNARC effect in children are scarce and, so far, none explored it at the individual level. Therefore, our aim was (1) to test whether preschoolers show a SNARC effect at the group level and (2) to determine the prevalence of children with a consistent SNARC effect. Based on the methodology suggested by Cipora et al., (2019), we tested 136 preschool children (Mean Age: 6.3 years old) in the final year of kindergarten with a magnitude judgment task. Descriptively and at the group level, 67% of the children revealed a regular SNARC effect (p<.001). Nevertheless, bootstrapping analysis, with an 80% confidence interval, showed that the prevalence of children with a consistent regular SNARC decreased to 37% and that even 19% had an inverted consistent SNARC. The prevalence of regular SNARC is thus equivalent to the one observed in adults when tested with a parity judgment task. Our results suggest that access to a spatially oriented numerical representation emerges at an early developmental stage, with, however, only a minority consistently showing the SNARC effect.
Keywords: SNARC; Number-Space; Consistency; Children.