08:30 - 10:00
Mon-HS3-Talk I-
Mon-Talk I-
Room: HS3
Chair/s:
Marc Jekel
Memory and meta-information: How meta-information about statements' veracity affects scene memory
Mon-HS3-Talk I-06
Presented by: Nicole Antes
Nicole Antes 1, Markus Huff 1, 2, Stephan Schwan 1
1 Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Schleichstraße 6, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, 2 Departement of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Schleichstraße 4, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
False information influences memories, beliefs, and judgments in a variety of settings (e.g., social media, courtrooms, newspapers) and across a variety of topics (e.g., climate change, vaccinations, crimes). However, classifying information as true or false requires enhanced cognitive resources such as attention and inferential reasoning as the difficulty of distinguishing true from false increases. Therefore, we tested how providing meta-information about the veracity and the discriminability of true and false statements influences participants’ memory. First, we assume that memory becomes less accurate as indistinguishability increases. Second, we expect that the discriminability task increases the cognitive load and therefore reduces overall memory performance. The present experiment realized three conditions (between-subject). Participants read one of five scene descriptions consisting of true and false information. In two conditions the distinction between true and false information was affected by means of easily or hardly distinguishable font colors. In the control condition, no visual indication was given concerning the veracity of the statements. An experiment (pre-registered at https://aspredicted.org/blind.php?x=WNG_R6Q) with N = 196 participants was conducted to test participants’ memory and confidence in recollecting a series of statements. Initial analyses showed that the presence of meta-information affected participants’ memory performance depending on the veracity of the statements. Additionally, overall memory was higher in the control condition. In all conditions, confidence served as a predictor for correct recognition. Understanding the variables that contribute to the process of perceiving meta-information is also important for related research areas, such as the study of misinformation.
Keywords: memory, meta-information, discriminability, cognitive load