08:30 - 10:00
Mon-B16-Talk I-
Mon-Talk I-
Room: B16
Chair/s:
Linda McCaughey
Cognitive-ecological approaches have emphasised the influence of the information sample on judgements and decisions. These information samples are often actively solicited and thus crucially influenced by the agent’s cognitive processing and goals. This symposium will shed light on how these influences extend to judgements and decisions via the underlying information sampling process. Seidler will discuss how basic cognitive processes in number perception and integration impact economic judgement when information is acquired by sequentially sampling positive and negative numbers. Prager will highlight diagnosticity as a crucial determinant of sampling and judgement behaviour. In a personnel selection context, not only the characteristics of the information on the candidate, but also their interaction with characteristics of the target job profile determined information search, job-fit judgements and confidence. Taking up confidence, McCaughey will examine how accumulated evidence and subjective confidence are used to regulate the amount of sampled information and discuss potential ways of how the two interact. Niese tested the role of sampling in an evaluative conditioning context and will present findings demonstrating that people show a positive evaluative shift after sampling conditioned stimuli more (vs. less frequently), regardless of whether a stimulus is paired with positive or negative unconditioned stimuli. Importantly, this effect is moderated by people’s sampling goals. Biella will explain how the exploration of the social environment strongly depends on whether the information search is interested (information is immediately rewarding conditionally on its pleasantness) or disinterested (information is accumulated for later use). How biased an information sample is depends on which of the two dominates the sampling process. The final discussion will engage the audience in a discussion about how these research questions and insights can be connected in the name of theory integration.
Social Environment and Information Structure Effects
Mon-B16-Talk I-05
Presented by: Marco Biella
Marco Biella 1, 2, Linda McCaughey 1, Johannes Prager 3, Klaus Fiedler 1
1 Heidelberg University, 2 Catholic University of the Sacred Heart - Milan, 3 Ludwig Maximilians Universitat Munchen
The social ecosystem shapes information flows among social agents determining which agent has access to which information. The ecology of such an ecosystem has more far-reaching consequences than we thought, as social agents adapt to and leverage the information ecology. Here, we aim at unveiling the dynamics that the information ecology and agents’ adaptations jointly pose on social perception.
In our paradigm, participants are presented with a sampling task involving two social perception targets. Their goal is to explore the social environment and find cooperative peers. After each interaction, participants receive information in terms of the target’s social behavior (cooperating in a trustworthy manner or behaving selfishly refusing to cooperate). Unlike typical sampling and canonical impression formation tasks, the information ecology is manipulated by introducing a mutual social connection between the participant and one of the two targets. Such a connection is asymmetrically feeding information to the participants, making one of the two targets incidental (information is provided regardless of the sampling decision) and the other one selective (can only be sampled directly).
In the epistemic condition, participants leverage the ecology to fully explore the social environment, while in the hedonic condition, participants are more likely to truncate their exploration as negative information is obtained. Therefore, the information ecology is leveraged differently based on the goal at hand, and the consequent dynamics bias the information samples in different ways. From biased samples, only biased inferences (i.e., impressions) can be drawn.
Keywords: information sampling, impression formation, social interaction, social environment, decision-making, judgment