Direct and self-reported assessment of chemosensory abilities in Italian individuals affected by long-term COVID-19
Poster presentation
Recent evidence highlights sudden smell and taste loss as early symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Such symptoms persist in the post-acute phase of the disease. Here, we present the initial results of an ongoing longitudinal study aiming to compare the results of at-home direct smell test and self-reported measures over the course of a year (start date: June 2021) in patients with self-reported long COVID-19. We used the Italian version of the SCENTinel test as direct measure of odor detection, intensity and identification, and the Smell-&-Taste-Check developed by the Global Consortium for Chemosensory Research as self-reported measure of subjective experiences and intensity ratings post-exposure to smell, taste and chemesthetic stimuli. This preliminary cohort includes 49 Italian individuals (expected final N = 400) with long-term sequelae from COVID-19 (mean age = 44.6 ± 11.6, range = 22–63 years old, 76% women, duration of smell/taste symptoms = 260.5 ± 117.6 days, range = 29–577 days). 63.3% of participants meet the criteria of accuracy for SCENTinel. Participants who accurately vs. inaccurately completed SCENTinel did not show shorter symptoms duration (β = -0.001, SE = 0.001, z = -0.896, p = 0.370). Responses to the calibrated odor stimulus delivered via SCENTinel highly correlate with the odor intensity collected via household items via the Smell-&-Taste-Check (r = 0.66, p < 0.001), as well as with self-reported ability (r = 0.46, p = 0.026). Taste and chemesthesis self-reports and intensity collected via the Smell-&-Taste-Check correlate between each other (r = 0.50, p = 0.016 and r = 0.61, p = 0.002, respectively). These preliminary findings need to be corroborated within a larger sample and with longitudinal observations. After completing data collection, we anticipate a significant association between smell ability as assessed via SCENTinel and the duration of symptoms. This work was supported by the University of Trento (project “COG19”).