Air pollutants increase an airway inflammation during the arrival at the alveolar. Here, we investigated protective effects of Salvia plebeia extracts in the airway inflammation and synergistic effect of Salvia plebeia and Panax ginseng (Korean red ginseng) that has been used to treat various immune diseases including asthma
To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Salvia plebeia, we measured the inhibitory effect of Salvia plebeia extract on cyteinly leukotriene and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inflammatory mediators expression, and immune cell infiltration in RBL2K3 mast cells and MH-S alveola macrophage cells and Ambient Particulate Matter (APM)-exposed airway inflammation mice model. The Salvia plebeia extract inhibited the production of ROS and expression of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-15 mRNA in APM-stimulated MH-S cells. Oral administration of Salvia plebeia extract suppressed the APM-induced inflammatory symptoms such as alveolar wall thickness, collagen fibers, as well as decrease of mRNA expression of chemokines (CCR9, CCL5, CCR3), inflammatory cytokines (IL-15, TNF-α), and IL-4 Th2 cytokine in lung. Salvia plebeia extract also inhibited chemical induced ear edema and bronchoconstriction using animal model. Finally we confirmed respiratory protective and therapeutic effect by combined treatment with Salvia plebeia and Korean red ginseng using animal inhalation toxicity study and human clinical trial.
[1] Jang, HH. Biological Research 2016; 49:41-51.
[2] Kim, SH. Immunopharmacology and Inflammation 2018; 820:53-64.
[3] Kim, DY. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2011; 136:230-235.