Theories on how the human mind represents behavioral rules and norms distinguish between explicit, verbal formats and implicit, procedural formats. Here we ask whether the latter representational format draws on fundamental cognitive mechanisms of regularity detection and statistical learning. The symposium thus connects basic, low-level approaches from cognitive psychology to the concepts of rules and rule-guided behavior. The speakers will cover cognitive fundamentals of rule representations, principles of regularity detection and rule discovery in streams of incoming stimulation, procedural learning of rules through mental simulation, and challenges derived from using negated rather than affirmative rules to steer human behavior. The contributions cover a wide range of methodologies, from movement trajectory analysis to peripheral physiology (EMG) and neuroscientific approaches (EEG, fMRI) to elucidate the question of how much rule representations draw on implicit, procedural learning.