11:00 - 12:30
Parallel sessions 8
11:00 - 12:30
Room: C-Building - N14
Chair/s:
Mats Abrahamse
Submission 468
Does Expertise Modulate Automatic Arithmetic Processing? A Stroop Paradigm Approach
MixedTopicTalk-04
Presented by: Michaela Meier
Michaela Meier
University of Graz, Austria
The Stroop task is one of the cornerstones of experimental psychology. It has been adapted for use in various settings and domains, providing insights into cognitive control and automaticity of information processing. In a recent study, Keha et al. (2024) asked 55 university students to identify the ink color of mathematical equations. Interestingly, the researchers found that color naming was faster for small equations (2 × 3 = 6) than for large equations (7 × 9 = 63). Additionally, incorrect same-parity equations (3 × 2 = 8) were processed slower than incorrect different-parity equations (4 × 2 = 9). These findings suggest that arithmetic knowledge, which is not necessary for the task, is still automatically activated. In our study, we aimed to replicate and extend this research by investigating whether this automatic activation could serve as an indicator of individual differences in mathematics. Thus, 73 highly educated adults (PhDs, Post-Docs, Professors; 23-63 years, M = 33.38, SD = 8.13) from mathematics (N = 40) and humanities (N = 33) had to name the colors of 288 single-digit multiplications. The equations differed in size (small: result <30 vs. large: result >30), correctness (correct vs. incorrect), and the incorrect solutions differed in parity (same-parity: correct solution ±2 vs. different-parity: correct solution ±1). Preliminary results could not replicate the effects of equation size or parity. This was true for both groups. Further research is needed to clarify under which conditions automatic activation of arithmetic knowledge happens and if it relates to mathematical proficiency.