09:00 - 10:30
Parallel sessions 7
09:00 - 10:30
Room: HSZ - N1
Chair/s:
Miles Tufft
Hutchins (1995) describes the scenario of crew members working together to navigate a ship at sea. They act as a well-coordinated team, with each crew member fulfilling a distinct role. The helmsperson steers the ship, the lookout scans for hazards, the compass operator checks bearings. By smoothly distributing task-relevant information, the team collectively solves complex problems that surpass the capacity of any single individual. What are the cognitive mechanisms that underpin such distributed behaviours? Our symposium aims to shed light on this question by drawing upon research from a range of cognitive domains. Across five talks, we discuss mechanisms that support individuals in distributing cognitive labour to solve complex tasks collectively. We cover tasks such as searching, remembering, problem-solving and decision-making. In doing so, we hope to demonstrate how our cognitive processes are attuned to the social world around us in ways that enable people to distribute, share, or offload cognitive load and thereby achieve more together than they could alone.
Submission 323
Speaking to Offload Memory to a Partner Overcomes the Production Effect
SymposiumTalk-04
Presented by: Rachel M. Brown
Rachel M. BrownAnna K. Kuhlen
Institute of Psychology, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
We often ask others to help us remember information, but how does speaking to others for this purpose influence memory? Transactive memory theory predicts that when partners share a memory task, exchanging information while learning allows them to divide the memory load, such that each person can forget the partner’s share of the information. Yet, producing information (e.g., speaking) is known to improve memory compared to perceiving it (the production effect). We examined whether speaking to offload memory to a partner in a shared memory task enables offloading, and thus overrides the production effect. In two experiments (Exp. 1 N=45, Exp. 2 N=43), participants studied words by reading them out loud or silently. In one condition participants studied alone, and in the other they studied with a confederate (Exp. 1) or participant (Exp. 2) partner who took responsibility for remembering the words the participant spoke out loud. Recognition (Exp. 1 and 2) and recall (Exp. 2) tests, always performed alone, followed each study condition. Speaking to a partner in order to offload both reduced and reversed the production effect. After speaking alone, participants showed the typical recall and recognition advantage for spoken words compared to non-spoken (silent) words (production effect). After speaking to offload, participants recalled substantially fewer spoken words compared to silent words, and they showed no recognition advantage for spoken words. These effects were more pronounced for those who rated the partner as helpful or reliable. These findings suggest that speaking can enable memory offloading in shared-memory contexts.