Submission 117
Stimulating Potentiality: Effects of Variation and Ambivalence on Interest
SymposiumTalk-02
Presented by: Claudia Muth
A potential for meaningful experiences can cause interest and motivate active perception – especially when perceptual routines are challenged. We examined two phenomena that might offer such a stimulating potentiality in very different ways: (a) complex variation of perceptual order in patterns and (b) awareness of ambivalence in artistic photographs. (a) Students trained in design and/or fine arts created visual patterns on a 6×6 grid. These patterns were rated by another group block-wise on a 7-point scale on liking, interest and stimulation. Additionally, they reported on why some of the presented images might have stimulated them. Complex variations of elements (but not deviations from order) were more interesting and stimulating than repetitions. Obviousness of order seemed relevant for liking only. And qualitative reports highlighted the stimulating potentiality of perceptual transformation and incompleteness. (b) In another study, we manipulated participants’ awareness of the ambivalence of photographed scenes by asking them to explore positive and negative interpretations of each image. Ratings of ambivalence were positively related to those of interest; the latter even increased after listing positive and negative interpretations. The effect of ambivalence on interest was also shown in a follow-up study using eye tracking in a forced-choice design: Participants chose ambivalent photographs more often and looked slightly longer at them when asked which of two images they wanted to learn more about. We consider perceptual and affective dynamics underlying the reported effects and discuss the role of experience in art and design, individual goals, and (artistic) context.