Submission 707
The Cognitive Magic of “Not”: Does Negation Promote Abstraction?
Posterwall-43
Presented by: Nasrin Sedaghatgoftar
Negation is a fundamental feature of human language, enabling individuals to reject or deny propositions. Processing negation is cognitively demanding, as it requires the construction of alternative mental representations. For instance, encountering the phrase “no apple” may prompt consideration of the broader category “fruit”, suggesting that negation might foster more abstract or higher-level thinking. Further, theories of grounded cognition propose that affirmative statements rely on perceptually grounded representations, whereas negations demand additional inferential processing that distances thought from direct sensory experience. This distancing may foster more abstract conceptualization. For example, in German, when completing the sentences “Julia spaziert mit einem …” (Julia is walking with a …) and “Vanessa spaziert mit keinem …” (Vanessa is walking with no …), one might continue the affirmative with “Dackel” (a specific instance) but the negated version with “Hund” (a broader category), illustrating a potential shift toward abstraction. To examine whether negation systematically promotes abstraction, 100 adults with native or near-native proficiency in German participated in a two-choice sentence-matching experiment, where each trial presented an affirmed and a negated sentence beginning. Participants then selected for each sentence one of two possible completions differing in categorical level (concrete vs. abstract). A one-sample t-test revealed that negated beginnings were significantly more often associated with abstract endings. These findings suggests that negation extends beyond simple semantic inversion—it modulates the representational level of conceptual thought. This research advances our understanding of how linguistic structures, such as negation, influence cognitive abstraction and shape the way individuals mentally organize and interpret the world.