Large-scale integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) poses critical challenges for power system stability, as grid services once provided by synchronous generation must now come from IBRs as well. Inertia has been widely acknowledged as one of the most urgent. Beyond the total amount, the spatial distribution of inertia shapes both local response (RoCoF, instantaneous frequency deviation) and wide-area phenomena (damping, inter-area oscillations). Unlike conventional plants, which are at fixed locations with regular operating cycles, renewable plants are widely distributed and highly variable: when inertia is provided by IBRs as well, this might result in continuously shifting of the inertia distributions across the system.

This work investigates how heterogeneous inertia distributions affect the dynamics of the Continental Europe system, using a modified open-access large-scale dynamic model. Several configurations are tested with phasor RMS simulations and dedicated performance metrics.