Wind & Solar Track
14:00 - 15:40
Room: Douro II
Chair/s:
Milica Latinović (SIANS Technologies GmbH)
Submission 48
Impedance-Based Stability Analysis of Converter-Level Outer-Loop Control Under Weak Grid Conditions
04 GIW26-48
Presented by: Frida Nordlund
Frida Nordlund, Robert Rogersten, Fabian Hohn, Oscar Lennerhag
Svenska kraftnät, Sweden

The increasing penetration of power electronic converters has given rise to emerging stability phenomena requiring new approaches to stability assessment. While electromagnetic transient simulations reveal unstable behaviour, impedance-based analysis provides insight into converter-grid interactions and offers greater computational efficiency. Accordingly, this paper investigates how converter-level outer-loop control influences the small-signal stability of grid-following voltage-source converters connected to a weak grid. A generic 120 MVA power park is modelled in PSCAD, with outer-loop control implemented locally at converter level. Reactive power and AC voltage control are compared on the q-axis, while active power and DC-link voltage control are compared on the d-axis. Converter self- and transfer admittances are extracted through a 1 200 Hz frequency scan and combined with an analytical grid impedance to form the converter-grid loop gain. Stability is assessed using Bode and Nyquist analysis. The results show that outer-loop control affects damping characteristics and resonance frequencies. In particular, AC voltage control introduces asymmetric damping around the fundamental frequency, resulting in supersynchronous interactions. Differences between the d-axis configurations are most pronounced around the fundamental frequency and become small above twice the fundamental frequency. The findings show that outer-loop control should be considered in grid-connection studies of converter-connected devices.