As renewable penetration continues to rise across Europe, power systems are facing increasing challenges in maintaining system strength, frequency stability, and oscillation damping. Recent large-scale incidents have highlighted the limitations of grid-following technologies under weak-grid and high-renewable conditions.

This presentation explores how grid-forming solutions can enhance system resilience by providing voltage-source behavior, fast frequency response, inertia support, and effective oscillation damping. It will examine key technical challenges in deploying grid-forming technologies, including weak-grid adaptability, AC/DC coordination, and stable parallel operation of multiple converters.

Through simulation results and real project experience, the session demonstrates how grid-forming energy storage can support system stability under extreme conditions, enable black start and seamless grid transitions, and replace conventional system strength resources such as synchronous condensers.

The discussion will also highlight emerging market opportunities, including inertia services, system strength support, and new applications such as microgrids and data center integration, providing insights into the evolving role of grid-forming technologies in future power systems.