Energy Analysis of Pumabús Routes for Optimisation of an Electric Fleet in Ciudad Universitaria

This study presents a data-driven methodology to characterise the operation of the Pumabús system at Ciudad Universitaria, UNAM; and assess its potential transition from a diesel-powered bus fleet to battery-electric buses, considering the potential energy, economic and environmental benefits associated with reducing direct emissions and local exposure to air pollutants. Measurements obtained from real-world trips were used to analyse the main kinematic and operational parameters of the service and to develop a representative driving cycle using a stochastic approach. The resulting characterisation captures the observed operating conditions and establishes a basis for assessing energy consumption, vehicle range and battery requirements associated with potential fleet electrification. Beyond supporting the technical assessment of the Pumabús system, the developed methodology offers a transferable framework that could support the characterisation and preliminary electrification assessment of larger urban transport systems in Mexico City.