The energy transition in Europe and other parts of the world is characterized by the development and deployment of renewable energy sources like Wind- and Solar Power. In recent years the transformation and conversion of renewable energy into sustainable solutions like Power-to-X (PtX), especially hydrogen or e-methanol (but also others) is getting more and more important and plays a key role in achieving the decarbonization targets of the energy system. Over the last years many large scale PtX projects have been announced and discussed, only a view of them have been realized and are in operation.

This paper focuses on Grid Compliance aspects of co-located generation- and demand facilities, mainly based on an operating PV + PtX plant in Denmark (DK1). Present grid code requirements in Europe (NC RfG and NC DCC and upcoming updates) are split into generation- and demand facilities, but do not sufficiently take into account aspects like co-location or technologies like PtX. It is seen that the power system industry has made significant progress on Grid Compliance for generation facilities, whereas for demand facilities (especially PtX) the experience is limited and a lot of development is still needed. Furthermore, requirements for demand facilities may not take into account technologies like PtX and may impose bigger challenges for such technologies in terms of Grid Compliance.

The work will introduce the requirements applied for co-located facilities in Europe and Denmark (especially NC RfG, NC DCC and national implementation of the requirements), will outlines challenges during the grid compliance process in the areas of design (grid related capabilities), simulation model development and assessment (RMS- and EMT models) and grid compliance testing based on specific examples. Furthermore, the authors will introduce recommendations for future requirements for co-located facilities.