It has been confirmed that one of the most vital requirements necessary for planning and decision making in any field of human endeavor is the quality of information available on its human resources. In this sense, Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) has always sought to offer the most objective and accurate statistical number relying on the latest techniques and methodologies, in order to be inline with the international recommendations regarding data collection and statistics production. As Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is used in a wide spectrum of official statistics activities nowadays, from data collection, to statistics compilation, and data dissemination, PCBS is very keen to keep pace with the revolution in GIS technology. PCBS has implemented the third Population, Housing and Establishments Census 2017 using GIS technology in all phases of the census process that improved the overall quality of census activities compared with the last census of 2007. Also, using this technology was of a great benefit in data coverage through the access to many remote areas and buffer zones in Gaza Strip and the West Bank. The contribution of this paper is twofold. Firstly, it introduces the usage of procedures and methodologies in conducting the census through the technical and field operations in detailed. Also, it shows the main resulting benefits of using GIS applications, arising challenges and obstacles during each phase. Secondly, the paper focuses on the main differences between this census and 2007 census in which traditional techniques has been used, and their effect on data quality and coverage. This paper aims to come up with new recommendations regarding the use of GIS technology in future statistical surveys and censuses, in order to achieve better data quality and higher coverage rate.