Ionic doping and/or substitution in polar functional materials provide opportunities to tune the polarization for the peak performance or to create new polarization behaviors. In the past, the research in this field mainly focuses on the development of the relationship between the macroscopic structures (e.g. average structure determined by X-ray powder diffraction) and properties. It is found, however, that in many cases, such a relationship becomes very complicated and cannot be properly built. This is because that in a strongly correlated solid-state system, these ions can be structurally and/or chemically accommodated differently in local region but do not change the average structure. The trend that such ionic doping and/or substitution influence the properties is often not straightforward. In this talk, I will use several examples to demonstrate the local consequence of ionic doping and/or substitution and their impact on polarization property, and thus drawing your attention on the material design for high performance and new functions.