Amid the ongoing expansion of renewable generation, cross-sector decarbonization remains essential, since certain industrial processes, e.g. steel production, cannot be directly electrified. In this context, green hydrogen and its derivatives emerge as a key technology pathway. Germany’s target to expand 10 GW of electrolysis capacity by 2030, however, introduces new challenges for power system stability. This paper examines the stability implications of a state-of-the-art anion-exchange‐membrane (AEM) electrolyser with grid‐following converter control.

First an overview of power system stability and quality, the AEM technology and the power electronics are presented. Afterwards measurement data using a high-precision grid analyser is shown. Based on this empirical dataset selected power system stability and power quality phenomena, the steady-state power parameters, the dynamic active power behaviour and harmonics are characterised. The experimental investigations show that the electrolyser has the potential to actively contribute to frequency stability as well as improve power quality. With regard to frequency-supporting control mechanisms, a distinction must be made concerning the time required for complete provision. However, the type of rectifier leads to current distortions with high total harmonic distortion values and a reactive power demand. The paper concludes by identifying critical integration challenges and proposing targeted strategies to improve secure and stable operation.