This paper explores the synergetic use of on-grid and island hybrid power systems consisting of photovoltaic (PV), electrolyser (EL) and battery storage system (BSS) when operating under a revenue-optimised strategy. Implemented as a mathematical optimisation problem in Python and solved with Gurobi Optimization, the total profit from hydrogen sales, as well as spot market trading (SMT) of the BSS and marketing of the PV, is maximised.
To investigate the behaviour of the hybrid power system, the revenue-oriented operation for the year 2024 is optimised with various configurations of the components. The results for on-grid scenarios indicate that the aggregated stand-alone operation of the BSS and EL lead to similar profits and full load hours for the EL as the hybrid operation. Significant overdimensioning of the PV and BSS does not considerably impact the operation of the EL. It is evident that BSS participation in SMT is more lucrative than temporarily storing energy for the EL. In island operation, only some of the fluctuating PV energy can be used for EL operation. Even a BSS with ten times the power (and capacity) of the EL cannot store energy at suitable times, as evidenced by the BSS’s low equivalent full cycles.