HYB25-45
Enabling modular simulation of hybrid power plants by pre-defined interfaces for FMU
02 HYB25-45
Presented by: Marcus Wiens
Fraunhofer IWES, Germany
The development of hybrid power plants requires simulation models that cover many physical domains and interactions of many subsystems. Currently, simulation tools are specialized for a specific domain and coupling of models can be challenging. This problem is partially address by the FMI standard, which enables the exchange of simulation models. However, there are no requirements for model interfaces of hybrid power plants. We developed pre-defined interfaces, that ensure model coupling on and enables a top-down approach for the development of a large-scale system. Furthermore, using these model interfaces enables extensibility and modularizes the simulation model.
The simulation model interfaces are defined based bond graph theory and required interactions between components. Bond graph theory leads the definition of all variables, which each interface consists of. All interactions between simulation models depend on these interfaces, allowing components to be developed and tested independently. In single component tests, system inputs can be mocked up, while in the full-scale model, inputs are derived from other models.
We demonstrate this approach using Functional Mock-Up Units (FMU) and Co-Simulation through a case study of a wind-electrolyzer plant with a rated power of 180 MW. The wind farm consists of 12 wind turbines with a rated power of 15 MW each and 12 electrolyzer units of 5MW. This configuration allows for 60 MW (40%) of the maximum available electrical power to be allocated for hydrogen production. Separate models are created for the electrical drive train of the wind turbine to be able to model the electrical behavior. These are coupled with the aero-elastic model of the wind turbine.
The wind turbines and electrolyzers are interconnected at the offshore substation to enable reactive power compensation. Each electrolyzer is connected to the grid via a thyristor, which converts AC to DC. This process generates reactive power. The wind turbines can compensate reactive power to mitigate impacts on the public grid. A wind-electrolyzer plant controller distributes available power among all electrolyzers, while each turbine controller employs a reactive power control strategy. Additionally, an aerodynamic wake model couples the wind turbines, influencing downstream turbine performance.
This setup allows simultaneous simulation of the wind turbine's power and load behavior, electrolyzer performance, and grid interactions, enabling the study of system interactions. The modular design and clear interface definitions allow for easy model exchange and replacement, improving automation potential and integrated development of wind energy components.
The simulation model interfaces are defined based bond graph theory and required interactions between components. Bond graph theory leads the definition of all variables, which each interface consists of. All interactions between simulation models depend on these interfaces, allowing components to be developed and tested independently. In single component tests, system inputs can be mocked up, while in the full-scale model, inputs are derived from other models.
We demonstrate this approach using Functional Mock-Up Units (FMU) and Co-Simulation through a case study of a wind-electrolyzer plant with a rated power of 180 MW. The wind farm consists of 12 wind turbines with a rated power of 15 MW each and 12 electrolyzer units of 5MW. This configuration allows for 60 MW (40%) of the maximum available electrical power to be allocated for hydrogen production. Separate models are created for the electrical drive train of the wind turbine to be able to model the electrical behavior. These are coupled with the aero-elastic model of the wind turbine.
The wind turbines and electrolyzers are interconnected at the offshore substation to enable reactive power compensation. Each electrolyzer is connected to the grid via a thyristor, which converts AC to DC. This process generates reactive power. The wind turbines can compensate reactive power to mitigate impacts on the public grid. A wind-electrolyzer plant controller distributes available power among all electrolyzers, while each turbine controller employs a reactive power control strategy. Additionally, an aerodynamic wake model couples the wind turbines, influencing downstream turbine performance.
This setup allows simultaneous simulation of the wind turbine's power and load behavior, electrolyzer performance, and grid interactions, enabling the study of system interactions. The modular design and clear interface definitions allow for easy model exchange and replacement, improving automation potential and integrated development of wind energy components.