During and in the aftermath of conflict, social trust is a vital component of maintaining resilient communities and, ultimately, rebuilding social and state institutions. Yet trust is also fragile. This work contributes to the growing body of literature assessing the ways in which the violence of armed conflict undermines it. I analyse the effects of various forms of conflict-related sexual violence on the levels of generalized trust in society in a large-n cross-country analysis of annual data for the period from 1989 through 2010 and find that the effects of conflict-related sexual violence on social trust are distinct from those of other (lethal) forms of civilian victimisation. The results indicate that the hitherto conventional operationalization of conflict-related sexual violence as homogeneous “rape” obscures important variation in its effect. Forms of sexual violence with a longer temporal horizon which are more commonly in the repertoire of non-state groups and can be jointly categorized as sexual enslavement, such as forced marriages or forced prostitution, have a consistently negative effect on the societal levels of trust. Conversely, highly violent forms akin to torture with a shorter temporal horizon, more commonly perpetrated by state forces, have a positive effect on the level of trust in a society.