The importance of geographical representation has been highlighted for a variety of Western democracies. A growing number of single-country studies emphasize that parliamentarians use parliamentary instruments to signal effort to geographic areas, either to secure re-election or to highlight their representational priorities to social groups. However, while these studies often stress the impact of electoral institutions, a comparative analysis is still lacking. This paper addresses this gap by examining the effects of different electoral systems through a comparative analysis of parliamentary questions from the UK House of Commons, the French National Assembly, the German Bundestag, and the Dutch Tweede Kamer. By incorporating diverse political contexts, this study is the first to analyze geographical representation from a cross-country perspective. The findings suggest that geographical representation is less prevalent in proportional representation (PR) and party-centered systems, where party discipline and collective agendas take precedence. In contrast, politicians in majoritarian electoral systems – and thus candidate-centered systems – have strong incentives to emphasize their efforts toward their constituencies. However, the results also show that MPs in party-centered systems may still engage in geographical representation to consolidate support in their electoral strongholds and in competitive districts.