Despite its historical, political, economic, and social significance, little is known about whether people are motivated to protest upon learning that certain actors fail to pay their fair share of taxes. Therefore, we ask whether people engage in protest behavior against the government when the wealthy avoid paying taxes. And if they do (not), why (not)? We argue that upon learning that the affluent avoid paying taxes, individuals develop certain emotions, i.e., anger, contempt, and disgust, depending on their moral perceptions of the country’s tax regime. If individuals perceive the system to be unfair-and-unjust or fair-but-unjust, tax avoidance angers them, which, in turn, increases their willingness to protest. However, if they perceive the system to be fair-and-just or unfair-but-just, they feel contempt and disgust, respectively. These emotions reduce the tendency to protest. To test our hypotheses, we conduct an online survey experiment in the Netherlands.