Does economic hardship lead to protest? If so, how and why? For decades, scholars have been exploring the causal link between economic grievances and protest, but the evidence is mixed. I revisit this classical question with a different approach that encompasses economic, political, and psychological factors behind protest behavior. I propound that there are two types of economic hardship individuals experience: national and individual. I argue that national economic hardship (a nation’s poor macroeconomic performance) generates political grievances among individuals, which, in turn, triggers anger, and increased anger spurs protest. Moreover, I contend that personal economic hardship (an individual’s financial struggles that are not attributed to a nation’s economic performance) evokes self-blame, which, in turn, decreases mobilization. To test the hypotheses, I conduct an online survey experiment in Turkey.