13:10 - 14:50
P8-S209
Room: 1A.04
Chair/s:
Philipp Chapkovski
Discussant/s:
Andres Reiljan
Re-Grouping Extremism: Nazi Party Elites and the Emergence of the Far-Right FPÖ
P8-S209-2
Presented by: Florian Sichart
Florian Sichart
Princeton University
Following World War II, Austria was divided into four Allied occupation zones, jointly governed until the country regained independence in 1955. Denazification strategies varied widely across the occupation zones, shaping post-war political dynamics in profound ways. In the U.S. occupation zone, Camp Marcus W. Orr (commonly referred to as Lager Glasenbach) was established near Salzburg to temporarily detain over 10,000 former Nazi officials. Originally intended as a means to temporarily isolate and neutralize high-ranking Nazis, the camp inadvertently served as a hub for ideological regrouping and strategic planning. Historians argue that the camp fostered connections among detained Nazi elites, facilitating their post-war reintegration into political life and contributing to the reconstruction of far-right networks. This study investigates the role of former Glasenbach internees in the emergence of Austria’s far-right political movement, particularly the Verband der Unabhängigen (VdU), a precursor to the far-right Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (FPÖ). Using archival records, I trace individual internees from Camp Marcus W. Orr, mapping their post-release movements through historical phone directories. By integrating these data with an original dataset of all national elections since 1919, harmonized to current municipality boundaries, I use a difference-in-difference design to show that municipalities where Glasenbach internees settled experienced (1) higher FPÖ vote shares in national elections and (2) increased likelihood of FPÖ candidates running in local elections. This project sheds light on the organizational foundations of far-right populism in post-war Austria, highlighting the unintended consequences of occupation-era policies on political extremism.
Keywords: Far-Right Politics, Political Extremism, Historical Legacies, Party Organization

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