How Parliaments Matter: Policy and Opposition in the Middle East’s Authoritarian Legislatures
P7-S172-1
Presented by: Marwa shalaby
While scholars increasingly recognize the relevance of legislatures to political and policy outcomes in authoritarian regimes, there is little research that analyzes systematically how opposition groups use legislative representation to influence the policy process in these contexts. We address this question relying on case studies, interviews, and by leveraging more than 20,000 legislative texts from the parliaments of Morocco, Kuwait, and Jordan to study how opposition groups have drawn on legislative query powers to advance their agendas. The analysis demonstrates that opposition legislators affiliated with Islamist ideologies are more active than other legislators in submitting queries to the government. Furthermore, they ask more questions about sensitive political topics, economic issues, and social policies often associated with Islamism. These patterns suggest that legislative seats do not co-opt Islamists into silence but instead allow them to draw attention to their agendas. The findings have implications for understanding when and how opposition groups use legislative prerogatives to pursue their policy agendas in authoritarian regimes, and they also contribute to a large body of research on the political influence of Islamist groups in the Middle East.
Keywords: Authoritarian legislatures, opposition, Islamists, Jordan, Kuwait.