The Gender Penalty in Turkish Politics: Social Media Campaign Efforts and Candidate Renomination
P7-S170-1
Presented by: Esra İssever Ekinci
This paper investigates the differential impact of campaign efforts on the political prospects of male and female candidates in Turkey's general elections. Specifically, we examine whether political parties in Turkey reward the campaign efforts of candidates equally, regardless of gender. Our study focuses on the unique context of the twin elections held in 2015, providing a rich dataset for analysis. We hypothesize that social media campaign efforts may have divergent effects on the renomination prospects and list positions of male and female candidates. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an extensive data collection effort, gathering biographical and political career information for 2,200 candidates. Additionally, we analyzed their social media activity on Twitter (which was rebranded as X) during the campaign period. Our preliminary findings suggest the existence of a gender penalty in Turkish politics. Counterintuitively, as the frequency of female candidates' social media campaigns increases, their prospects for renomination decrease. This trend stands in stark contrast to the experience of male candidates, for whom increased social media activity correlates positively with improved renomination prospects. Interestingly, our analysis did not find a statistically significant difference between female and male candidates' campaign efforts in terms of their impact on list positions. This nuanced finding suggests that while gender disparities exist in renomination prospects, they may not extend to all aspects of political advancement.
Keywords: Candidate renomination, gender, social media campaign, elections