While extensive cross-national research on climate change has focused on national positions and their influence on international climate negotiations, significantly less attention has been given to citizens' attitudes towards climate change across countries and over time. Most cross-national studies of climate change support rely on limited samples of 40–50 countries, with only a few expanding to over 100, often excluding lower-income and least-developed nations. This lack of data may lead to incomplete conclusions regarding the global distribution of climate change concern. Our study addresses this gap by using a Bayesian latent variable model to estimate a smooth country-year panel of climate change support for over 150 countries spanning up to 15 years. Our approach integrates survey data across time, space, and varying survey questions, producing a more comprehensive and globally representative dataset. This dataset allows us to examine the correlates of climate change attitudes, including in low- and middle-income countries that have been underrepresented in existing research. By broadening both the geographical and temporal scope, this study enhances our understanding of the factors shaping public support for climate change policies worldwide.