Global expressions of negativity towards China and its rise have received extensive coverage but little systematic research attention. In this paper we develop a theoretical framework and typology for global anti-China and anti-Chinese sentiment and activity around the world. We define these Sinophobias and examine their conceptual and empirical overlaps with and distinctions from anti-Americanisms. We explore the plausibility of this framework through an examination of novel datasets of negative sentiment and activity towards China and the United States over the last decade. The paper provides the first comprehensive cross-national analysis of Sinophobia, allowing us to distinguish between the political, societal, and policy causes of different forms of anti-China and anti-Chinese sentiment and activity. By doing so, the paper seeks to provide a broader explanation for public resistance to great powers.