This project proposes a theoretical model of support for redistribution in which the perceived fairness of redistributive policy plays a central role. The model builds on the recent body of research in both social psychology and political science, in which an emerging consensus points to the importance of perceived fairness in determining attitudes toward income inequality and redistribution. A key insight in this literature is that people accept inequalities that are seen as fair, and they evaluate fairness by referring to predictable and widely shared normative rules that govern resource allocation. This means that people can and do support substantial inequalities of outcome as fair, even when such inequalities do not serve their personal economic self-interest. I will propose that a theoretical model of inequality-oriented attitudes that centers perceptions of fairness can be both useful and rigorous. To demonstrate the centrality of fairness perceptions in support for redistribution, a survey experiment shows that asking respondents about the fairness of various policies yields the same patterns of response as asking them which policies they support. This constitutes partial evidence that fairness is a key psychological construct through which such policies are evaluated. I then draw on the literature on group-centered democratic politics to explore how group-based stereotypes can systematically influence judgments of fairness, and how we can use insights from this literature to understand well-known patterns in support for redistribution and to create falsifiable predictions regarding such support.