A growing body of knowledge highlights the determinants of vote switching, such as issues, party positions and personality. This literature, however, does not take into account coalition-directed voting, which has been found to matter for vote choice in many parliamentary democracies. According to this literature voters are likely to consider not only which party they prefer, but also which coalition they prefer and how realistic a chance it has of forming. We argue that a context of “repeat elections” due to a failure to form a government may be uniquely beneficial for distinguishing between vote switching derived from party considerations to switching derived from coalition-directed considerations. Such context provides the voters with an opportunity of changing their vote according to possible coalition-building consideration while already knowing the approximate distribution of party preferences in the electorate. We take advantage of the extraordinary Israeli political context in 2019-20, in which three election-cycles were held within less than a year without a coalition forming. We utilize a unique panel data based on three original online surveys. Findings show that voters are more likely to switch their vote when they expect their previous choice of party will not enter the coalition in the coming elections. We also find that the expected formateur and the level of competition between formateurs matter for vote switching.