Has the Climate Issue Become Part of the Left-Right Issue Dimension? Evidence from Germany and Switzerland
P13-1
Presented by: Zsuzsanna Magyar
The issue of climate change and how societies need to change the way they produce and use energy has come to the forefront of public interest in recent years. In this paper, we examine how the increasing salience of the climate change issue impacts party competition within multi-party parliamentary countries. We theorize that while the climate issue was owned by green parties before, by now it has been integrated into the traditional left-right policy dimension. As an empirical evidence, we present the results of a comparative survey experiment that we conducted in Germany and Switzerland. In this experiment, we examined how voters place parties on a scale after reading negative and positive statements on two regressive taxes: the carbon-tax and the Value Added Tax (VAT). We theorize that if the issue has been fully integrated into the economic issue dimension, the voters will place the parties similarly under all conditions. Conversely, if green parties own the issue voters will believe that they support the carbon tax no matter which condition they are in but not the other parties. We find, that while green parties still own green issues, left parties are placed much closer to the green parties when voters see positive statements about the carbon tax than otherwise. Right parties are placed farther away under this condition. We argue that this is because while left parties adopt green issues, right parties move away. Thus the environmental issue gets partly integrated into the economic issue dimension and it is polarizing.