'Feminization' of work and radical right backlash
PS8-2
Presented by: Tarik Abou-Chadi
This paper investigates how the ‘feminization’ of occupations affects voting for the radical right. A broad literature in political science has attributed the growing success of populist radical right parties to socio-economic transformations that have led to different kinds of grievances among working class and other less skilled and less educated voters. Crucially, newer studies combine economic and cultural perspectives on these transformations and analyze how perceptions of social status affect radical right support. We build on this literature and incorporate a factor that so far has been overlooked in these analyses: variation in gender distribution in different occupations. Anti-feminist discourse plays an increasingly important role in radical right mobilization (Mudde 2019) and we expect that men in occupations with larger shares of female employees should be potentially more susceptible for these appeals for two reasons. First, increasing shares of women can be associated with decreasing wages in a profession. Second, men may perceive it as a status loss to work in a more ‘feminized’ occupation. We empirically test these expectations combining cross-sectional and longitudinal data. We use large-scale labor force survey data from the EU-SILC in order to measure the share of women in an occupation and its development over time. We combine this measure with survey data from the ESS as well as the German socioeconomic panel via ISCO codes and test its effect on electoral behavior. We can demonstrate that the share of women in an occupation indeed constitutes an important determinant of electoral behavior.