While popular support for redistribution remains high in most democracies, voting for left-wing parties, who promote this agenda, has long been on the decline. Past research explains this puzzle by the growing salience of competing issues and by shifting redistributive priorities among many voters. These explanations, however, assume coherent redistributive preferences. In this paper, I argue that part of this gap can also be linked to attitudinal ambivalence—simultaneous negative and positive evaluations of an issue—toward redistributive policy. Using European Social Survey data from 2016, I find that ambivalence toward redistribution increases with lower education, geographic peripherality, political disengagement, and sociocultural conservatism. This ambivalence contributes to a greater detachment between support for redistribution and left-wing self-identification and to a greater likelihood of voting for more economically and culturally right-wing parties. These patterns hold independently of second-dimension attitudes and new class divisions and replicate in earlier data from 2008, implying a distinct, long-standing influence on voters. These findings contribute to ongoing debates on the links and disconnects between voter preferences and left-right voting and on the challenges faced by economically progressive parties across Europe.