11:20 - 13:00
P2
Room: Meeting Room 2.2
Panel Session 2
Pavol Hardoš - Gender ideology conspiracism
Sungmin Rho - Labor Market Changes, Moral Emotions, and Anti-Feminism: Evidence from South Korea
Sofia Collignon - Dropping Out of Politics? The Effects of Sexism and Gender-Based Violence on Political Ambition and Recruitment in Britain, 2017-2019
Labor Market Changes, Moral Emotions, and Anti-Feminism: Evidence from South Korea
P2-02
Presented by: Sungmin Rho
Sungmin Rho
IHEID
This paper investigates how structural changes in the labor market contributes to the rise of anti-feminist movement from the theoretical lens of moral emotions. During the last ten years, young male citizens in South Korea have increasingly engaged in anti-feminism movement and displayed political conservatism; this has been attributed to growing youth unemployment. Studies have argued that structural labor market changes--mostly induced by automation and globalization--have led to the rise of right-wing authoritarianism in advanced economies. One of the central mechanisms has been status anxiety of middle-skilled workers who are likely to be replaced by either machines or foreigners. Yet, the studies have mainly focused on Western Europe and US, and do not take into account different social contexts that give rise to moral emotions. The status anxiety argument does not help us to explain why we see younger citizens in their 20s, who have not even entered the labor market, becoming more politically conservative and less tolerant of minorities in other parts of the world; the current explanation also does not help us understand why the target of economic frustrations is women, and not foreigners, in some parts of the world. Rather than analyzing anxieties alone, the study incorporates other important moral emotions: shame, guilt, and pride. Utilizing a mixed-method approach by combining a nationally representative survey of Korean citizens with qualitative evidence from in-depth interviews, the paper argues that citizens' emotional reactions to the labor market changes are not given but influenced by how they process social cues.