In mammals, the olfactory system modulates reproductive and socio-sexual behaviors. Olfactory-driven responses may evolve after social experience. For example, pheromone detection induces naïve virgin females to retrieve isolated pups to the nest and to be sexually receptive to males, but social experience increases the performance of both types of innate behaviors. Whether animals are intrinsically sensitive to the smell of conspecifics or detecting olfactory cues modulates experience for displaying social responses is currently unclear. At least two populations of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) sensory neurons detect chemosignals through two families of G-protein-coupled receptors, V1Rs and V2Rs. Here, we employed a conditional knockout mouse for Gαi2 gene, which is required for sensory transduction in apical V1R+ neurons of the vomeronasal organ (Trouillet et al., 2019), to study how pheromone detection and experience-dependent plasticity interact to modulate social behavior. In pup- and sexually-naïve females, Gαi2 deletion elicited a reduction in pup retrieval behavior, but not in sexual receptivity. By contrast, experienced animals showed normal maternal behavior, but the experience-dependent increase in sexual receptivity was incomplete. Altogether, our data suggest that the detection of pheromones by the VNO influences olfactory-mediated behavior in females after social experience, although with distinctive traits for different behaviors. This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Region Centre Val de Loire and the NIH Research Program.