Am I in control? The dynamics of sensory information, performance feedback, and personality in shaping control experience
Wed—Casino_1.811—Poster3—9205
Presented by: Maren Giersiepen
Sense of control (SoC) over our actions is crucial for regulating our behavior. SoC arises from low-level processes, such as immediate sensory feedback, and high-level processes, such as performance evaluation. Studies using simple, immediate action-effect tasks suggest that people rely more on sensory than on environmental cues of control. Yet, it remains unclear how these cues interact to shape the SoC in complex, goal-directed environments that require continuous behavioral adaptation. To investigate this, 50 participants performed a challenging motor control task akin to a video game, steering a spaceship along a pre-defined, continuously changing navigation path. Sensorimotor control was manipulated by varying task difficulty across experimental blocks. After each trial, participants received negative, non-informative, or positive feedback, followed by rating of their control experience. Linear mixed model analysis revealed that SoC decreased with increased task difficulty. Furthermore, independent of difficulty, negative feedback reduced the SoC whereas positive feedback enhanced it, with a stronger effect for negative feedback. Notably, the influence of negative feedback on SoC was greater among participants with higher depression scores, suggesting that generalized control beliefs modulate task-specific SoC. These findings indicate that SoC is informed by both low-level sensorimotor cues and external feedback, suggesting an integration of multiple types of information to infer control in dynamic task contexts where action-effect contingencies are extended over time. Crucially, the effects of task difficulty and feedback valence seem to vary with trait-like control beliefs, highlighting the need to account for individual differences when investigating situated control.
Keywords: Situated Action Control, Sense of Control, Performance Feedback