Influence of negative and positive ambient scent on wayfinding performance
Mon—Casino_1.811—Poster1—2308
Presented by: Mira Schwarz
This study investigates the influence of unconsciously perceived ambient scents on human wayfinding performance. Participants learned a route through a virtual maze using landmarks in either weakly scented (butyric acid, lavender) or non-scented test cabins. Their route memory was tested immediately after the learning phase and one month later. Additionally, participants completed an implicit odor memory task, rating the fit between seven odors, including the ambient scents, and ten different surroundings, including the test cabin. They labeled the odors and recalled where and when they had last smelled them. Participants who remembered smelling these odors in the test cabin were excluded from the analyses. Results showed that the ambient odors influenced fit ratings, with significantly higher ratings between the visual context of the test cabin and the respective ambient odor in the scented conditions than in the no-scent condition. This suggests that the ambient scents were perceived implicitly, as the remaining participants could not report any conscious recollection of them. The ambient scent butyric acid significantly improved wayfinding performance, while lavender had no significant impact. No clear evidence was found for the effects of ambient scents on forgetting dynamics over a one-month period. Our findings, underscoring the critical role of olfaction in human wayfinding, will be discussed in detail with implications for future research.
Keywords: Wayfinding, Spatial Cognition, Olfaction, Landmark, Olfactory imagery, Implicit Memory