Racial discrimination in helping situations depends on the cost of help: a large field experiment in the streets of Paris
Field experiments show that White Americans are more likely to discriminate Black Americans when the situation provides a nonracist rationalization for withholding help from a Black target - for instance, when the cost of helping looks unreasonable. However, work on racial discrimination in helping is comparatively scarce outside of the US context. The present experiment extends this line of research to the French context and studies differences in helping asiatique (Asian), blanc (White) and noir (Black) men and women. In addition, it is assessed to what extent racial discrimination in the probability to provide assistance is moderated by the cost of help. The study rests on a sample of over 4,500 independent observations collected through a factorial design that combines twelve testers (equally aportioned in race and gender groups), two social class conditions and four observation sites. Testers asked for directions to pedestrians in front of the traffic lights of a busy road, and pedestrians could provide different forms of help that varied in cost. The analysis indicates that overall noir testers receive help less often than their blanc counterparts. But it also shows that the decrease in helping rate is largest when the cost of help is highest, confirming the trend previously observed in the US.