The effect of gender status bias in video conferencing.
Social status refers to an individual’s relative ranking within a group, as determined by culturally shared social values. It is well established that status ranking not only governs people’s interpersonal behaviour, but also is an important mechanism behind social inequality. However, as many social practices are digitalised today, the question arises as to whether the effects of status ranking carry over to the realm of virtual interaction; the conditions of social interaction in virtual space may differ from physical ones. In this study, we compare the gender status-ranking effects in video conferencing with those occurring in face-to-face interactions. We randomised subjects into either a face-to-face or a video conferencing condition. In the face-to-face condition, we replicated previous experiments on (1) implicit status ranking (when people infer their own and others’ relative competence based on gender) and (2) explicit status ranking (when people’s relative competence is explicitly given). In the video conferencing condition, we test whether these findings hold in a previously untested context. Participants were instructed to engage in a time-limited real-effort task, requiring the identification and summation of two numbers from two matrices. Results indicate that both in face-to-face interaction and in video conferencing men performed significantly better than women. These findings reveal the persistent role of gender in organising social relations and suggest that gender inequality can be expected to persist when organisations transition from face-to-face interaction to video conferencing.