This paper studies ethnic discrimination by private firms and public institutions in Austria. We send out more than 25,000 e-mail inquiries randomizing the name of the sender. Differences in response rates are then used to create a nation-wide index of discrimination. We document several empirical facts. First, discrimination is widespread and exists in virtually all branches and public institutions. Second, discrimination is lower in the public than in the private sector (10 versus 17 percentage point differences in response rates). Third, the signaling of social status does not affect response rates, suggesting that discrimination is tasted-based rather than statistical. Fourth, economic and socio-demographic characteristics do not explain discrimination well. Fifth, the
discrimination index is virtually uncorrelated to far-right voting. Sixth, the index does significantly correlate with attitudes towards foreigners in a community as measured by survey instruments. Seventh, exploiting the quasi-random allocation of refugees during the 2015/16 crisis, we find no evidence that inter-group contact reduces discrimination.