A STUDY OF AFFECTING FACTORS OF PERCEIVED AGING IN TWINS
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Presented by: Myeongryeol Lee
INTRODUCTION
There have been many studies on factors affecting the perceived aging of the face, and it is empirically known that the face with more wrinkles, the darker the skin, the uneven color, and the more sagging, looks the older the face. Most of these aging studies were cross-sectional studies, and correlation analysis or regression analysis was performed for age and skin characteristics. In order to control the face shape that can affect the perception of facial aging, in some studies, the effect of each factor on the same face was studied by computer simulation. However, few studies have been conducted on perceived aging in identical twins. Therefore, in this study, factors affecting perceived aging in identical twins were discovered and their influence was studied.
MATERIALS & METHODS
Twenty-four pairs of identical twins aged 24-64 years old (one pair being triplets) were recruited for this study. 48 volunteers, except for one of the triplets, facial images were taken by digital camera (VISIA-CR, Canfield, USA). Two clinical researchers visually evaluated for the wrinkles (forehead, glabella, eyes (crow’s feet), eye bag, under the eyes, nasolabial folds, upper lips, corners of the mouth), pores, and skin color (redness, cheek pigmentation, cheekbones pigmentation, darkening of pigmentation, size of pigmentation, dark circles, and troubles) based on Skin Asian Atlas and IGA. Volunteer’s was divided into a relatively old-looking group and a relatively young-looking group, and statistical analysis was performed (SPSS v24 (IBM, USA). Additionally, blemish superimposed virtual face images of each group were generated by author for visually check each group’s skin visual properties.
RESULTS
There was a significant difference between the relatively young-looking group and the old-looking group in some morphological indicators (forehead wrinkles, winkles of corners of the mouth, and total morphological indicators), and there were also significant differences in some skin color-related indicators (left cheek pigmentation and total pigmentation index scores). As a result of binary logistic regression analysis, dark circles were a significant (p < 0.05) influencing factor on perceived aging, and wrinkles, eye bags, and cheek pigmentation were not significant, but were analyzed as potential affecting factors on perceived aging (p<0.1). In addition, it was visually confirmed that the virtual face image showed looking properties very well.
DISCUSSION
The researcher studied with an insufficient number of volunteer for the analysis because of the difficulty of volunteer recruitment. In this study, crow’s feet were analyzed as a negative effect on the relative young looking, but this is considered to be a simple calculation result due to the insufficient number of volunteer. In the grand scheme, this study showed consistent results with previous study results, and also it confirmed the difference in the visual characteristics of the relative young or old looking group by virtual facial image. This virtual face image could be a way to show the characteristics of a group more intuitively than the existing simple numerical expression.
CONCLUSION
Visual factors such as wrinkles and skin color are influencing factors of perceived aging, and improvement of these influencing factors will lead to a more youthful-looking face.
There have been many studies on factors affecting the perceived aging of the face, and it is empirically known that the face with more wrinkles, the darker the skin, the uneven color, and the more sagging, looks the older the face. Most of these aging studies were cross-sectional studies, and correlation analysis or regression analysis was performed for age and skin characteristics. In order to control the face shape that can affect the perception of facial aging, in some studies, the effect of each factor on the same face was studied by computer simulation. However, few studies have been conducted on perceived aging in identical twins. Therefore, in this study, factors affecting perceived aging in identical twins were discovered and their influence was studied.
MATERIALS & METHODS
Twenty-four pairs of identical twins aged 24-64 years old (one pair being triplets) were recruited for this study. 48 volunteers, except for one of the triplets, facial images were taken by digital camera (VISIA-CR, Canfield, USA). Two clinical researchers visually evaluated for the wrinkles (forehead, glabella, eyes (crow’s feet), eye bag, under the eyes, nasolabial folds, upper lips, corners of the mouth), pores, and skin color (redness, cheek pigmentation, cheekbones pigmentation, darkening of pigmentation, size of pigmentation, dark circles, and troubles) based on Skin Asian Atlas and IGA. Volunteer’s was divided into a relatively old-looking group and a relatively young-looking group, and statistical analysis was performed (SPSS v24 (IBM, USA). Additionally, blemish superimposed virtual face images of each group were generated by author for visually check each group’s skin visual properties.
RESULTS
There was a significant difference between the relatively young-looking group and the old-looking group in some morphological indicators (forehead wrinkles, winkles of corners of the mouth, and total morphological indicators), and there were also significant differences in some skin color-related indicators (left cheek pigmentation and total pigmentation index scores). As a result of binary logistic regression analysis, dark circles were a significant (p < 0.05) influencing factor on perceived aging, and wrinkles, eye bags, and cheek pigmentation were not significant, but were analyzed as potential affecting factors on perceived aging (p<0.1). In addition, it was visually confirmed that the virtual face image showed looking properties very well.
DISCUSSION
The researcher studied with an insufficient number of volunteer for the analysis because of the difficulty of volunteer recruitment. In this study, crow’s feet were analyzed as a negative effect on the relative young looking, but this is considered to be a simple calculation result due to the insufficient number of volunteer. In the grand scheme, this study showed consistent results with previous study results, and also it confirmed the difference in the visual characteristics of the relative young or old looking group by virtual facial image. This virtual face image could be a way to show the characteristics of a group more intuitively than the existing simple numerical expression.
CONCLUSION
Visual factors such as wrinkles and skin color are influencing factors of perceived aging, and improvement of these influencing factors will lead to a more youthful-looking face.