Human milk oligosaccharides attenuate solar irradiation induced inflammation and oxidative stress in human skin
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Presented by: Remo Campiche
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are an important part of human breast milk. They regulate infant health via beneficial modulation of the infant gut microbiome, gut epithelial barrier strength, inflammation, as well as infant innate immunity. Many HMOs can nowadays be produced either synthetically or by biochemical processes, making them readily available for large scale production. Therefore, they found their way into infant formula mimicking better the natural composition of human milk. Recently, HMOs came into consideration for cosmetic applications, not only for potential benefits via the gut-skin axis, but also for topical applications. Therefore, we set out to investigate potential fields of application for skin care using a range of fucosylated, sialylated, and neutral core HMOs.
In this study, we focused on potential cutaneous benefits in response to solar irradiation. In a first set of experiments, we irradiated reconstructed human skin consisting of an epidermis and a dermis with UVB light. In a gene-expression analysis, we determined the anti-inflammatory potential of the HMOs. We found compelling evidence for a broad anti-inflammatory activity of HMOs Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3-Sialyllactose (3’SL), 6-Sialyllactose (6’SL), and 3-Fucosyllactose (3’FL). Significantly down-regulated genes-comprised e.g. IL-23A, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta and IL-8.
In a second set of experiments, we irradiated human skin ex vivo with high energy visible light (HEV) or blue light at either 412 nm or 450 nm (20J/cm2 each) and investigated the effects on HEV induced oxidative stress. Interestingly, LNnT was able to significantly down-regulate the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when the tissue was irradiated with HEV of 412 nm as determined by a DCFH-DA assay (-67%, p<0.05 vs vehicle). In addition, irradiation with blue light at 450 nm revealed a positive effect for LNnT (-39%, p<0.05) and 3’SL (-50%, p<0.01).
In summary, we provide evidence for beneficial effects of human milk oligosaccharides against solar irradiation induced cutaneous inflammation and oxidative stress.
In this study, we focused on potential cutaneous benefits in response to solar irradiation. In a first set of experiments, we irradiated reconstructed human skin consisting of an epidermis and a dermis with UVB light. In a gene-expression analysis, we determined the anti-inflammatory potential of the HMOs. We found compelling evidence for a broad anti-inflammatory activity of HMOs Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3-Sialyllactose (3’SL), 6-Sialyllactose (6’SL), and 3-Fucosyllactose (3’FL). Significantly down-regulated genes-comprised e.g. IL-23A, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta and IL-8.
In a second set of experiments, we irradiated human skin ex vivo with high energy visible light (HEV) or blue light at either 412 nm or 450 nm (20J/cm2 each) and investigated the effects on HEV induced oxidative stress. Interestingly, LNnT was able to significantly down-regulate the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when the tissue was irradiated with HEV of 412 nm as determined by a DCFH-DA assay (-67%, p<0.05 vs vehicle). In addition, irradiation with blue light at 450 nm revealed a positive effect for LNnT (-39%, p<0.05) and 3’SL (-50%, p<0.01).
In summary, we provide evidence for beneficial effects of human milk oligosaccharides against solar irradiation induced cutaneous inflammation and oxidative stress.